Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.

The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.

Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Lower extremity fractures in children".)

International

●International Ankle Consortium (IAC): Position statements

Canada

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't do an ankle X-ray series in adults for minor injuries (2020)

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't immobilize ankle inversion sprains with no evidence of bony or syndesmotic injury (2019)

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't order ankle and/or foot X-rays in patients who have a negative examination using the Ottawa ankle rules (2019)

United States

●Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Ankle sprain

●Choosing Wisely: Do not order advanced imaging studies (MRI or CT) for most musculoskeletal conditions in a child until all appropriate clinical, laboratory and plain radiographic examinations have been completed (2018)

●American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM), American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), and the American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine (AOASM): Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician – A consensus statement (2014)

●American Physical Therapy Association (APTA): Clinical practice guidelines on ankle stability and movement coordination impairments – Ankle ligament sprains (2013)

●National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA): Position statement on conservative management and prevention of ankle sprains in athletes (2013)

Australia-New Zealand

●Choosing Wisely Australia: Don't initiate plain X-ray for foot and ankle trauma unless criteria of the Ottawa Ankle Rules are met

●Choosing Wisely Australia: Don't request imaging for acute ankle trauma unless indicated by the Ottawa Ankle Rules (localised bone tenderness or inability to weight-bear as defined in the Rules)

●Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP): Handbook of Non-Drug Interventions (HANDI) clinical guidelines on exercise for preventing recurrent ankle sprain (2014)