Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately.
●(See "Society guideline links: Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Hypoglycemia in adults".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Diabetes mellitus in children".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Hyperglycemic emergencies".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Blood glucose monitoring".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Hypertension in adults".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Obesity in adults".)
●(See "Society guideline links: Bariatric surgery".)
International
●Endocrine Society (ES): Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of diabetes in older adults (2019)
●International Diabetes Federation (IDF): Clinical practice recommendations for managing diabetic macular edema (DME) (2019)
●World Health Organization (WHO): Guidelines on second-and third-line medicines and type of insulin for the control of blood glucose levels in non-pregnant adults with diabetes mellitus (2018)
●IDF: Clinical practice recommendations for managing type 2 diabetes in primary care (2017)
●IDF: Clinical practice recommendations on the diabetic foot (2017)
●International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO): Guidelines for diabetic eye care, updated (2017)
●ES: Clinical practice guideline on diabetes technology – Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy and continuous glucose monitoring in adults (2016)
●International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF): Guidance on the diagnosis and management of foot infections in persons with diabetes (2016)
●IWGDF: Guidance on the prevention of foot ulcers in at-risk patients with diabetes (2016)
●WHO: Global report on diabetes (2016)
●IDF: Global guideline for managing older people with type 2 diabetes (2013)
●ES: Clinical practice guideline for management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients in non-critical care settings (2012)
●International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG), the European Diabetes Working Party for Older People (EDWPOP), and the International Task Force of Experts in Diabetes: Position statement on diabetes mellitus in older people (2012)
●WHO: Report on use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (2011)
Canada
●Diabetes Canada: Guidelines
●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't recommend routine or multiple daily self-glucose monitoring in adults with stable type 2 diabetes on agents that do not cause hypoglycemia (2013)
United States
●American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM): Position statement on the care of the athlete and athletic person with diabetes (2022)
●American Diabetes Association (ADA) and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD): A consensus report on the management of type 1 diabetes in adults (2021)
●ADA: Standards of medical care in diabetes (2021)
●US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF): Final recommendation statement on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (2021)
●ADA and EASD: 2019 update to – A consensus report on the management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018 (published 2020)
•ADA and the EASD: A consensus report on the management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes (2018)
●American College of Cardiology (ACC): Expert consensus decision pathway on novel therapies for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes (2020)
●ADA: Nutrition therapy for adults with diabetes or prediabetes – A consensus report (2019)
●American Heart Association (AHA) and Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA): A scientific statement on type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure (2019)
●American College of Physicians (ACP): A guidance statement update on hemoglobin A1c targets for glycemic control with pharmacologic therapy for nonpregnant adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2018)
●Choosing Wisely: Don't routinely recommend daily home glucose monitoring for patients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus and are not using insulin (2018)
●ACP: A clinical practice guideline for oral pharmacologic treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, update (2017)
●ADA: A position statement on diabetes and hypertension (2017)
●ADA: Position statement on diabetic neuropathy (2017)
●US Department of Veterans Affairs/US Department of Defense: Clinical practice guideline ─ Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2017)
●ADA: Position statement for the management of diabetes in long-term care and skilled nursing facilities (2016)
●ADA: Position statement on physical activity/exercise and diabetes (2016)
●ADA: Position statement on psychosocial care for people with diabetes (2016)
●American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)/ACE: Outpatient glucose monitoring consensus statement (2016)
●AACE/ACE: Clinical practice guidelines for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan (2015)
●ADA: BMI cut points to identify at-risk Asian Americans for type 2 diabetes screening (2015)
●ADA, American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE), Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND): Joint position statement on diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 diabetes (2015)
●AHA: A scientific statement on sex differences in the cardiovascular consequences of diabetes mellitus (2015)
●AHA and ADA: Scientific statement ─ Update on prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in light of recent evidence (2015)
●Choosing Wisely: Avoid using medications other than metformin to achieve hemoglobin A1c<7.5% in most older adults; moderate control is generally better (2013, revised 2015)
●EASD and ADA: Joint statement on insulin pump risks and benefits – A clinical appraisal of pump safety standards, adverse event reporting, and research needs (2015)
●Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS), American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA), and the Society for Vascular Medicine (SVM): A clinical practice guideline for the management of diabetic foot (2015)
●ADA: Consensus conference report on diabetic kidney disease (2014)
●ADA: Position statement on diabetes and driving (2014)
●ADA: Position statement on diabetes and employment (2014)
●ADA: Position statement on type 1 diabetes through the life span (2014)
●AHA and ADA: Scientific statement on type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (2014)
●North American Menopause Society (NAMS): Recommendations for clinical care of midlife women (2014)
●The Obesity Society (TOS): Guidelines (2013) for managing overweight and obesity in adults (published 2014)
●AACE/ACE: Consensus statement on diabetes and cancer (2013)
●AACE/ACE and TOS: Clinical practice guidelines for healthy eating for the prevention and treatment of metabolic and endocrine diseases in adults (2013)
●ADA: Consensus report on twenty-first century behavioral medicine – A context for empowering clinicians and patients with diabetes (2013)
●ADA: Scientific statement – Socioecological determinants of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (2013)
●ADA and Endocrine Society (ES): Consensus statement on hypoglycemia and diabetes (2013)
●American Society for Nutrition (ASN): Scientific statement on consumption of cereal fiber, mixtures of whole grains and bran, and whole grains and risk reduction in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease (2013)
●Choosing Wisely: Don't use sliding scale insulin (SSI) for long-term diabetes management for individuals residing in the nursing home (2013)
●ADA: Consensus statement on diabetes in older adults (2012)
●National Kidney Foundation (KDOQI): Clinical practice guideline for diabetes and CKD, update (2012)
●ADA: Consensus statement on the Charcot foot in diabetes (2011)
●ADA: Position statement on diabetes care for emerging adults – Recommendations for transition from pediatric to adult diabetes care systems (2011)
●ADA and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF): Clinical care guidelines for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (2010)
●ADA: Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes (2009)
Europe
●American Diabetes Association (ADA) and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD): A consensus report on the management of type 1 diabetes in adults (2021)
●ADA and EASD: 2019 update to – A consensus report on the management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018 (published 2020)
•ADA and the EASD: A consensus report on the management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes (2018)
●European Society of Cardiology (ESC): Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with EASD (2019)
●EASD and ADA: Joint statement on insulin pump risks and benefits – A clinical appraisal of pump safety standards, adverse event reporting, and research needs (2015)
●International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG), the European Diabetes Working Party for Older People (EDWPOP), and the International Task Force of Experts in Diabetes: Position statement on diabetes mellitus in older people (2012)
United Kingdom
●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Guideline on type 2 diabetes in adults – Management (2015, updated 2022)
●NICE: Guideline on type 1 diabetes in adults – Diagnosis and management (2015, updated 2021)
●NICE: Guideline on diabetic foot problems – Prevention and management (2015, updated 2019)
●Diabetes UK: Evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes (2018)
●Joint British Diabetes Societies (JBDS): A guideline for self-management of diabetes in hospital (2018)
●JBDS: Position statement for glycaemic management during the inpatient enteral feeding of people with stroke and diabetes (2018)
●Royal College of Psychiatrists and JBDS: Guidelines for the management of diabetes in adults and children with psychiatric disorders in inpatient settings (2018)
●NICE: Public health guideline for type 2 diabetes – Prevention in people at high risk (2012, updated 2017)
●Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN): A national clinical guideline for the pharmacological management of glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (2017)
●British Orthopaedic Association (BOA), British Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (BOFAS), Vascular Society (VS), Diabetes UK, Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD), Foot in Diabetes UK (FDUK), British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists (BAPO): Joint specialty recommendations for the operational delivery of the multi-disciplinary care pathway for diabetic foot problems (2016)
●NICE: Quality standard on diabetes in adults (2011, updated 2016)
●Association of Anaesthestists of Great Britain & Ireland (AAGBI): Peri-operative management of the surgical patient with diabetes (2015)
●NICE: Interventional procedures guidance for implantation of a duodenal-jejunal bypass liner for managing type 2 diabetes (2015)
India
●Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI)-Endocrine Society of India (ESI): Clinical practice recommendations for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2020)
●Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR): Guidelines for management of type 2 diabetes (2018)
Australia-New Zealand
●Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) and Diabetes Australia: General practice management of type 2 diabetes (2016-18)
●Australian Diabetes Society (ADS): Position statement – Guidance concerning the use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (2015)
●ADS: A position statement for new blood glucose management algorithm for type 2 diabetes (2014)
●Australian Family Physician (AFP): Complex type 2 diabetes mellitus – Management challenges and pitfalls (2013)
●Australian Diabetes Foot Network: Management of diabetes-related foot ulceration – A clinical update (2012)
●ADS: Guidelines for peri-operative diabetes management (2012)
●ADS: Guidelines for routine glucose control in hospital (2012)
●Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group (APEG) and ADS: National evidence-based clinical care guidelines for type 1 diabetes in children, adolescents and adults (2011)
Japan
●[In English] Japanese Diabetes Society (JDS): Evidence-based practice guideline for the treatment for diabetes in Japan (2013)
●[In Japanese] JDS: Evidence-based practice guideline for the treatment for diabetes in Japan (2013)
